Istitutions
The Prince
The Council of Government
Legal Organization
The Council of the Crown
The Commune
Specialized Organizations
of U.N.
Inter-governmental
Organizations
Non-governmental
organizations
The
Prince
In the first chapter of this Constitution, it is laid down
that the executive power is given to the supreme authority of
the reigning Prince. The Constitution of 1962 also states that
the succession to the Throne passes to the direct and legitimate
descendants of the reigning Prince under the principle of primogeniture,
male descendants taking precedence over female descendants of
the same degree of kin. In the absence of legitimate descendants,
an adopted child may succeed to the Throne. The Prince, however,
can only exercise his powers if he has reached his majority, fixed
at the age of 18. During his minority or in case the Prince is
not able to exercise his functions, the organization and conditions
of exercise of the Regency are provided by the House Laws of the
Sovereign Family. The Prince signs and ratifies treaties.
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The
Council of Government
A Minister of State, assisted by the Council of Government,
exercises government under the supreme authority of the Prince.
The Prince nominates the Minister of State and five Government
Councilors who are administrative heads of departments: one each
for Finances and the Economy, the Interior, Public Works and Social
Affairs, Facilities and Town Planning and External Relations.
The Minister of State and the Government Councilors always report
to the Prince.
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Legal
Organization
Legal power belongs to the Sovereign who delegates the full exercise
of it to the courts and tribunals. The independence of the judges
is guaranteed and the legal organization of the Principality includes
all the degrees of jurisdiction: a Court of First Instance, a
Court of Appeal, a Higher Court of Appeal and a Criminal Court
(Assize Court). There are also tribunals with limited competence
such as the Work Tribunal, the Rent Arbitration Commission and
the Higher Arbitration Court (collective work disputes). At the
summit of the legal organization the Supreme Court decides: -
in constitutional affairs, on appeals for annulation with reference
to any attack on the rights and freedoms granted by the Constitution,
- in administrative affairs, on appeals for annulation in actions
beyond the powers available in administrative decisions and sovereign
ordinance made in application of the law, - in the event of a
conflict of legal competence.
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The
Council of the Crown
This consists of seven members having Monégasque nationality,
nominated by the Prince. The Sovereign designates the President
and three members of the Council; the others are nominated by
proposals of the National Council. The Council meets at least
twice a year to decide questions concerning the higher interests
of the State. It is mainly consulted on matters such as important
international treaties, the dissolution of the National Council,
requests for naturalization and problems of pardons and amnesties.
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The
Commune
Article 78 of the Constitution states that the territory of
the Principality forms a single commune. The Communal Council
has fifteen members elected for four years by direct universal
suffrage and a system of proportional representation. The Mayor
and his deputies are chosen by the Communal Council, which meets
every three months for an ordinary session.
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Specialized
Organizations of U.N.
International Telecommunication Union (I.T..U.), World Health
Organization (W.H.O.), United Nations Educational, Scientific
and Cultural Organization (U.N.E.S.C.O.), Universal Postal Union,
International Atomic Energy Agency, World Intellectual Property
Organization (W.I.P.O.), International Civil Aviation Organization
(I.C.A.O.), International Maritime Organization (I.M.O.), Organization
for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (O.P.C.W.), World Meteorological
Organization (W.M.O.), Preparatory Commission for the comprehensive
nuclear-test-ban Treaty Organization (C.T.B.T.O.), World Tourism
Organization (W.T.O.), Food and Agricultural Organization of the
United Nations (F.A.O.)
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Inter-Governmental
Organizations
The
Mediterranean Science Commission (C.I.E.S.M.), International Institute
of Refrigeration (I.I.R.), International Union of Help, General
Council for the Mediterranean Fisheries of the Food and Agricultural
Organization of the United Nations (F.A.O.), International Organization
of Legal Metrology (O.I.M.L.), International Police Criminal Organization
(INTERPOL), International Exhibitions Bureau (I.E.B.), International
Oceanographic Commission (I.O.C.) of UNESCO, European Conference
of Postal and Communications Administrations (C.E.P.T.), International
Organization of Supreme Audit Institutions (INTOSAI), International
Hydrographic Organization (I.H.O.), Agency for Cultural and Technical
Cooperation –(International Organization of the French-speaking
Countries – O.I.F. 1998), The Organization for Security
and Co-operation in Europe (O.S.C.E.), Action plan for the Mediterranean,
The Ramoge Agreement Commission, Latin Union, European Organization
of Supreme Audit Institutions (EUROSAI), Intergovernmental Organisation
for International carriage by Rail (O.T.I.F.), The World Conservation
Union (U.I.C.N.), International Organization for Maritime Telecommunications
by Satellites (I.M.O.), European Patent Office (E.P.O.), The International
Whaling Commission, Hague Conference on Private International
Law, ACCOBAMS (Agreement on the Conservation of Cetaceans of the
Black Sea, the Mediterranean Sea and Contiguous Atlantic Sea),
European Organization for the Safety of Air Navigation
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Non-Governmental
Organizations
International Navigation Association (PIANC-AIPCN); International
Committee of Military Medicine (I.C.M.M.); International Diplomatic
Academy; International Committee of the Red Cross (I.C.R.C.);
European Travel Commission (E.T.C.); Inter-Parliamentary Union;
International Institute of Administrative Sciences (I.I.A.S.);
International Olympic Committee (I.O.C.); International Association
of Plastic Arts (UNESCO); World Association of the Friends of
Childhood (A.M.A.D.E. World); International Union of Geodesy and
Geophysics (I.U.G.G.); European Federation of Conference Towns
(E.F.C.T.); International Institute of Theater (UNESCO); International
Council for Science (I.C.S.U.); Parliamentary Assembly of the
French Speaking Countries; Union of International Associations
(U.I.A.); International Association of the Congress Centers (A.I.P.C.);
UNESCO’s International Council of Music; International Association
Against Violence in the Sports (A.I.C.V.S.); General Association
of International Sports Federations (G.A.I.S.F.); Institute of
the Economic Right of the Sea (INDEMER); The International Air
Carrier Association (I.A.C.A.); World Energy Council (W.E.C.);
European Civil Aviation Conference (E.C.A.C.); The Association
for Cities Interested in Electric Vehicles (CITELEC); International
Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (I.U.C.N.);
Association of Mediterranean Cruise Ports (MEDCRUISE); Association
of European Public Postal Operators (POST EUROP).
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